HISTORY AND EVOLUTION OF FILM

 The first public Kinetoscope demonstration took place in 1893. By 1894 the Kinetoscope was a commercial success, with public parlors established around the world. The first to present projected moving pictures to a paying audience were the Lumière brothers in December 1895 in Paris, France.

By 1917, several national film industries were established, Europe, Russia and Scandinavia were the dominant most at this time. As more people paid to see movies, the industries around them invested more money into the film making industry for the production, distribution, exhibition, so large studios were established and cinemas were built. Unfortunately the Europe's film industry was greatly effected by the first World War, Whereas the American Industry relatively grew in importance.

The first 30 years of Film  were characterized by growth and consolidation of an industrial base, the establishment of the narrative form, and the refinement of technology.

COLOUR ADDING:

Colour was first  added to black-and-white movies through hand colouring, tinting, toning and stenciling.

By 1906 the principle of colour separation was used to produce the so called "natural colour" moving images with British Kinemacolor process, first presented to public in 1909.

The early Technicolor processes from 1915 onwards were cumbersome and expensive, and colour was not used more widely until the introduction of its three-colour process in 1932.

ADDING SOUND:

The first attempt to add synchronized sound to projected pictures used phonographic cylinders or discs. The first full length feature film which contained synchronized dialogues was 'The Jazz Singer' used The Warner's Brother's Vitaphone system which had a different recorded disc for each reel of the film for the sound.

This system proved unreliable and was soon replaced by an optical, variable density soundtrack recorded photographically along the edge of the film, developed originally for newsreels such as movietone.

CINEMA'S GOLDEN AGE:

By the early 1930s all the movies were played with synchronized sounds and, by the mid 1930s they were in full colour too. The advancement of sound addition secured the dominant role of American industry and gave rise to the so called 'Golden Age of  Hollywood'.

During the 1930s and 40s Cinema was the principal form of entertainment, with people often attending cinema twice a week.